Spintronics based Cancer Detection in Tissues using Giant Magnetoresistance and Tunnel Magnetoresistance Sensor

Spintronics based cancer detection using nano-materials
represents highly advanced and emerging interdisciplinary
research domain that merges quantum-level electron spin
phenomena with the unique physical and chemical properties
of nano-structured materials to develop ultra-sensitive, rapid,and highly selective diagnostic platforms for early cancer identification. The motivation behind this approach stems from the limitations of conventional cancer diagnostics such as imaging, immune and biochemical assays, which often lack sensitivity at very early stages, require complex sample preparation, or expensive infrastructure. Spintronics evolved with the intrinsic spin of electrons and its associated magnetic moment in addition to their electrical charge. When combined with nano-materials, spintronic biosensors are capable of detecting extremely small magnetic variations caused by biomarker interactions. A key advantage of spintronics based cancer detection systems is their ability to detect biomarkers at ultra-low concentrations that are well below the detection limits of traditional biochemical assays. Early-stage cancers often release biomarkers in extremely small amounts, which make them difficult to detect using standard methods like fluorescence imaging. Spintronic sensors, however, operate through the magnetic domain, which has minimal interference from biological backgrounds. This high sensitivity makes spintronic platforms ideal candidates for early diagnosis,
where intervention significantly improves patient outcomes.